The Spring Grove Experiment is a series of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) studies performed from to on patients with psychotic illnesses at the Spring Grove Clinic in Catonsville, Maryland. These patients were sponsored by a federal agency called the National Institute of Mental Health to be part of the first study conducted on the effects of psychedelic drugs on schizophrenics Records of the identity, diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment of any patient or subject which are maintained in connection with the performance of any program or activity (including education, training, treatment, rehabilitation, or research) relating to drug abuse, alcoholism or alcohol abuse, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, or sickle cell anemia which is carried out by or for Alcoholism is also associated with several psychiatric disorders that develop independently of the alcoholism and may precede alcohol use and abuse. These independent disorders may make certain vulnerable patients more prone to developing alcohol–related problems (Helzer and Przybeck ; Kessler et al. ; Schuckit et al. b)
Neurotransmitters in alcoholism: A review of neurobiological and genetic studies
Public Law 87—commonly known as the Federal Medical Care Recovery Actreferred to in subsec. of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. H and I and struck out former subpar. Hwhich read as follows:.
C and redesignated former subpar. Former subsec. f redesignated g. Code Notes prev next. a 1 Records of the identity, diagnosis, alcoholism paper, prognosis, or treatment of any patient or subject which alcoholism paper maintained in connection with the performance of any program or activity including education, training, treatment, alcoholism paper, rehabilitation, or research relating to drug abuse, alcoholism or alcohol abuse, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, or sickle cell anemia which is carried out by or for the Department under this title shall, except as provided in subsections e and fbe confidential, alcoholism paper, and section of this title to the contrary notwithstanding such records may be disclosed only for alcoholism paper purposes and under alcoholism paper circumstances expressly authorized under subsection b.
b 1 The content of any record referred to in subsection a may be disclosed by the Secretary in accordance with the prior written consent of the patient or subject with respect to whom such record is maintained, but only to such extent, under such circumstances, and for such purposes as may be allowed in regulations prescribed by the Secretary. B To qualified personnel for the purpose of conducting scientific research, management audits, alcoholism paper, financial audits, or program evaluation, but such personnel may not identify, directly or indirectly, any individual patient or subject alcoholism paper any report of such research, audit, or evaluation, or otherwise disclose patient or subject identities in any manner.
C i In the case of any record which is maintained in connection with the performance of any program or activity relating to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, to a Federal, alcoholism paper, State, or local public-health authority charged under Federal or State law with the protection of the public health, and to which Federal or State law requires disclosure of such record, if a qualified representative of such authority has made a written request that such record be provided as required pursuant to such law for a purpose authorized by such law.
ii A person to whom a record is disclosed under this paragraph may not redisclose or use such record for a purpose other than that for which the disclosure was made, alcoholism paper. D If authorized by an appropriate order of a court of competent jurisdiction granted after application showing good cause therefor. In alcoholism paper good cause the court shall weigh the public interest and the need for disclosure against the injury to the patient or subject, to the physician-patient relationship, and to the treatment services, alcoholism paper.
Upon the granting of such order, alcoholism paper, the court, in determining the extent to which any disclosure of all or any part of any record is necessary, shall impose appropriate safeguards against unauthorized disclosure. E To an entity described in paragraph 1 B of section k of this titlebut only to the extent authorized by alcoholism paper section.
G To a State controlled substance monitoring program, including a program approved by the Secretary of Health and Human Alcoholism paper under section O of the Public Health Service Act 42 U. H i To a non-Department entity including private entities and other Federal agencies for purposes of providing health care, including hospital care, medical services, alcoholism paper, and extended care services, to patients or performing other health care-related activities or functions.
ii An entity to which a record is disclosed under this subparagraph may not disclose or use such record for a purpose other than that for which the disclosure was made or as permitted by law. c Except as authorized by a court order granted under subsection b 2 Dno record referred to in subsection a may be used to initiate or substantiate any criminal charges against, alcoholism paper, or to conduct any investigation of, alcoholism paper, a patient or subject.
d The prohibitions of this section shall continue to apply to records concerning any person who has been a patient or subject, alcoholism paper, irrespective of whether or when such person ceases to be a patient. e The prohibitions of this section shall not prevent alcoholism paper interchange of records— 1 within and among those components of the Department furnishing health care to veterans, or determining eligibility for benefits under this title; or.
f 1 Notwithstanding subsection a but subject to paragraph 2a physician alcoholism paper a professional counselor may disclose information or records indicating that a patient or subject is infected alcoholism paper the human immunodeficiency virus if the disclosure is made to A the spouse of the patient or subject, or B to an individual whom the patient or subject has, during the process of professional counseling or of testing to determine whether the patient or subject is infected with such virus, alcoholism paper, identified as being a sexual partner of such patient or subject.
B A disclosure under such paragraph may be made by a physician or counselor other than the physician or counselor referred to in subparagraph A if such physician or counselor is unavailable by reason of absence or termination of employment to make the disclosure. g Any person who violates any provision of this section or any regulation issued pursuant to this section shall be fined, in the case of a first offense, up to the maximum amount provided under section f of this title for a first offense under that section and, in the case of a subsequent offense, up to the maximum amount provided under section f of this title for a subsequent offense under that section, alcoholism paper.
Added Pub. Editorial Notes. References in Text Public Law 87—commonly known as the Federal Medical Care Recovery Actreferred to alcoholism paper subsec.
Amendments —Subsec.
Alcohol Dependence \u0026 Withdrawal
, time: 5:22Disease theory of alcoholism - Wikipedia
Alcoholism is also associated with several psychiatric disorders that develop independently of the alcoholism and may precede alcohol use and abuse. These independent disorders may make certain vulnerable patients more prone to developing alcohol–related problems (Helzer and Przybeck ; Kessler et al. ; Schuckit et al. b) and Alcoholism grant AA 1Nerve cells (i.e., neurons) communicate by releasing chemical messengers called neuro-transmitters, which bind to receptor proteins on the surface of other neurons. This process is called neurotransmission. For definitions of technical terms used in this article, see central glossary, pp. – FastStats is an official application from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and puts access to topic-specific statistics at your fingertips
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